In ecology, habitat refers to the specific place or type of environment where an organism or a population of organisms naturally occurs. It encompasses the physical, chemical, and biological factors that shape the environmental conditions of a particular area. For instance, a coral reef, a tropical rainforest, or a freshwater pond can all be considered habitats for various organisms.

Niche, on the other hand, refers to the specific role or position an organism has within its habitat. It encompasses the ways in which an organism interacts with both the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components of its environment. This role includes the organism’s feeding habits, its position in the food chain, its reproductive strategy, and its interactions with other species.

While habitat describes the physical space, niche describes the functional role an organism plays in that space. It is important to note that no two species can occupy the exact same niche within an ecosystem, as they would compete for the same resources. This principle, known as the competitive exclusion principle, helps to maintain biodiversity by promoting species differentiation and avoiding direct competition between closely related species.

Understanding the concepts of habitat and niche can provide valuable insights into the ecology and dynamics of ecosystems. By studying the unique requirements and roles of organisms within their habitats, scientists can gain a deeper understanding of the intricate relationships and dependencies that exist in natural ecosystems.