Breast cancer is a type of cancer that forms when the cells in the breast start growing in an uncontrolled and abnormal way. These abnormal cells often form a lump or tumor in the breast. Breast cancer is more common in girls and women, but it can also occur in boys and men, although it is much rarer.

The exact causes of breast cancer are not known, but there are certain factors that can increase the risk, such as a family history of breast cancer, certain gene mutations, hormonal imbalances, and exposure to certain chemicals. It’s important to note that not everyone with these risk factors will develop breast cancer, and some people without any known risk factors can still develop the disease.

Common symptoms of breast cancer include a lump or thickening in the breast or armpit, changes in the shape or size of the breast, nipple discharge, and skin changes on the breast, such as redness or dimpling. However, it’s important to remember that not all lumps or changes in the breast are cancerous, as there are many other benign conditions that can cause similar symptoms.

Detecting breast cancer early improves the chances of successful treatment. Regular breast self-exams and clinical breast exams by a healthcare professional are important for early detection. Mammograms, which are special x-rays of the breast, are recommended for women starting in their 40s or earlier for women with certain risk factors.

Treatment for breast cancer may include surgery to remove the tumor, radiation therapy to kill any remaining cancer cells, chemotherapy to destroy cancer cells throughout the body, hormone therapy to block the effects of certain hormones, and targeted therapy to specifically target cancer cells.