Lung cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the lungs. Our lungs are part of the respiratory system, and they help us breathe by taking in oxygen from the air and getting rid of waste gases, like carbon dioxide. Lung cancer usually happens when certain cells in the lungs start growing out of control and form a tumor.

The main cause of lung cancer is smoking. When people smoke, they inhale harmful substances called carcinogens that can damage the DNA in the lung cells. Over time, this damage can lead to the cells becoming cancerous.

There are different types of lung cancer, but two common ones are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC is the most common type and grows and spreads more slowly, while SCLC is less common but spreads quickly to other parts of the body.

Cancer can cause a range of symptoms depending on its stage and location. Some common lung cancer symptoms include persistent coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and unintentional weight loss. If someone experiences these symptoms, it’s important for them to see a doctor for evaluation.

Treatment options for lung cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The treatment plan depends on several factors, including the type and stage of the cancer. Quitting smoking and avoiding exposure to secondhand smoke and other harmful substances can help reduce the risk of developing lung cancer.