Vitamin B2, also known as Riboflavin, is one of the eight B vitamins and is an essential nutrient for maintaining overall health. It is a water-soluble vitamin, meaning that it is not stored in the body and needs to be replenished regularly through dietary sources.

Riboflavin plays a crucial role in the body’s energy metabolism. It is a component of two coenzymes, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which are involved in various enzymatic reactions that help convert the food we eat into energy. These coenzymes participate in the breakdown of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, and are necessary for the proper functioning of different metabolic pathways.

In addition to its role in energy production, Riboflavin acts as an antioxidant, helping to protect cells from damage caused by harmful free radicals. It works in concert with other antioxidants, such as vitamin C and vitamin E, to neutralize these free radicals and prevent oxidative stress. Riboflavin also supports the production of glutathione, a major antioxidant molecule in the body.

Riboflavin is necessary for the maintenance of healthy skin, eyes, and hair. It contributes to the production of collagen, a protein that provides structure to the skin and other connective tissues. It is also involved in the production of the molecule retinal, which is a component of rhodopsin, a pigment necessary for good vision.

Good dietary sources of Riboflavin include milk and dairy products, eggs, lean meats, green leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, and whole grains. Some cereals and breads are fortified with Riboflavin to ensure an adequate intake, particularly in populations at risk of deficiency.

Deficiency of Riboflavin is rare in developed countries due to its widespread availability in food sources. However, certain factors like alcoholism, malabsorption disorders, and restrictive diets can increase the risk of deficiency. Symptoms of Riboflavin deficiency, known as ariboflavinosis, include fatigue, skin disorders, sore throat, and swollen mucous membranes.

Overall, Riboflavin is a vital nutrient that plays numerous roles in maintaining our overall health and well-being.