Hepatitis is a term used to describe inflammation or swelling of the liver, which is an organ in our body that helps remove toxins and produce important substances. There are different types of hepatitis, but the most common ones are caused by viruses. These viruses are named hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Each type of hepatitis virus is slightly different and can cause different symptoms and long-term effects.

Hepatitis A is usually spread through contaminated food or water. It can cause flu-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, nausea, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes). Most people with hepatitis A recover completely within a few weeks.

Hepatitis B and C are primarily spread through contact with infected blood or other body fluids, such as through sharing needles or having unprotected sex. These types of hepatitis can become chronic, meaning the infection can last for a long time or even become a lifelong condition. Chronic hepatitis B and C can lead to serious liver problems, including liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.

Hepatitis D only occurs in individuals who are already infected with hepatitis B. It can make hepatitis B much more severe and increase the risk of developing complications.

Hepatitis E is primarily spread through contaminated food or water, similar to hepatitis A. It is more common in developing countries and usually improves without any specific treatment.

Preventing hepatitis involves practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands thoroughly and avoiding contact with infected body fluids. Vaccines are available for hepatitis A and B, and antiviral medications can be used to treat chronic hepatitis B or C.