Peptic ulcer disease is a condition where there are sores in the lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum. These sores can be caused by a few different reasons. The most common cause is the bacteria called Helicobacter pylori, which can infect the stomach and damage its protective lining. Another cause can be the long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen or aspirin, which can irritate the stomach and lead to ulcers.

Some people with peptic ulcers may experience symptoms such as burning or gnawing pain in the abdomen, feeling full or bloated, bloody or dark stools, nausea, or vomiting. These symptoms can come and go or may be more constant, depending on the severity of the ulcer. It’s important to see a doctor if you have persistent stomach pain or other symptoms.

Treatment for peptic ulcer disease usually involves a combination of medications. Antibiotics are prescribed to treat the H. pylori infection if present. Proton pump inhibitors or histamine blockers are used to reduce stomach acid and help the ulcers heal. Lifestyle changes like avoiding certain foods, reducing stress, and quitting smoking may also be recommended. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to treat complications or if the ulcers don’t respond to other treatments.