Bones are a type of connective tissue that forms the framework of the body, known as the skeleton. Their primary function is to provide support for the body and protect organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs. Bones are composed of cells and extracellular matrix, which is mainly composed of collagen and minerals such as calcium and phosphates. Bone growth and remodeling are controlled by a multitude of hormones, cytokines, and mechanical forces.