Volcanoes are created when magma, which is molten rock deep within the Earth, rises to the surface. This magma can come out of the Earth through vents, fissures, and volcanoes, and can form different types of volcanic features depending on the type of magma. The most common type of volcano is a stratovolcano, which is tall and steep with steep sides.

Geothermal activity is another result of the Earth’s internal heat. This is when hot water and steam rise from deep within the Earth and can be harnessed to make electricity or used for heating. Geothermal activity can also create unique geological features like hot springs and geysers.