Anemia is a medical condition characterized by a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in the blood. It can result from various causes, including nutritional deficiencies, chronic diseases, genetic disorders, or certain medications. The most common type of anemia is iron-deficiency anemia, which occurs when the body doesn’t have enough iron to produce adequate amounts of hemoglobin. Anemia can lead to symptoms like fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, dizziness, and pale skin. Diagnosis involves blood tests to measure red blood cell counts, hemoglobin levels, and other parameters. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve dietary changes, iron supplements, vitamin B12 injections, or medications to stimulate red blood cell production. Managing the underlying cause is crucial for long-term management and improvement of anemia.